Torfbæir or the Turf houses were initially made using flat stones, turf, wood, along with the soil. It starts with the building a wooden frame followed by using the turf that was used in herringbone style with two layers that makes a perfect sealing agent for insulation; the turf is a perfect architectural material owing to its durability and susceptibility to wind, rain erosion. Another most important thing was to build doors that were made using quality wood. All the use of natural elements made the green-cloaked dwellings merge beautifully with the natural environment. Until the late 19th Century, most of the Icelandic dwellings were made using turf. The first turf houses appeared with the arrival of British and Norse settlers during – 9th and 11th centuries, during the Viking Age in Europe.