Richness of hydrothermal waters in Papallacta is due its location. A volcanic complex with more than 3 million years of persistent activity called Chacana, consisting of a large volcanic caldera 35 kilometers North-South and 15 kilometers east – west, including small volcanoes of very viscous lava called domes, half a hundred tributaries of hot springs, eruptions with large volumes of ash (magma pulverized) and many flows of andesitic washed (the last lava flow that formed the Papallacta lagoon mid-eighteenth century.